historical lectures and essays(²é¶û˹½ð˹ÀûÀúÊ·½²×ù)-µÚ29²¿·Ö
°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡û »ò ¡ú ¿É¿ìËÙÉÏÏ·ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉ쵀 Enter ¼ü¿É»Øµ½±¾ÊéĿ¼ҳ£¬°´¼üÅÌÉÏ·½Ïò¼ü ¡ü ¿É»Øµ½±¾Ò³¶¥²¿£¡
¡ª¡ª¡ª¡ªÎ´ÔĶÁÍꣿ¼ÓÈëÊéÇ©ÒѱãÏ´μÌÐøÔĶÁ£¡
have¡¡felt¡¡his¡¡head¡¡at¡¡times¡¡somewhat¡¡loose¡¡on¡¡his¡¡shoulders£»¡¡especially¡¡if¡¡
he¡¡had¡¡heard¡¡Alva¡¡say£»¡¡as¡¡he¡¡wrote£»¡¡¡¨that¡¡every¡¡time¡¡he¡¡saw¡¡the¡¡despatches¡¡
of¡¡¡¡¡¡those¡¡¡¡¡¡three¡¡¡¡¡¡senors£»¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡¡¡moved¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡choler¡¡¡¡¡¡so£»¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡if¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡did¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡take¡¡
much¡¡care¡¡to¡¡temper¡¡it£»¡¡he¡¡would¡¡seem¡¡a¡¡frenzied¡¡man¡£¡¨¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡such¡¡times£»¡¡
De¡¡¡¡¡¡Tisnacq¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡thought¡¡¡¡¡¡good¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡return¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡diplomatic¡¡¡¡¡¡answer¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
fellow¡countryman¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡concerning¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡third¡¡¡¡¡¡fellow¡countryman£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡especially¡¡
when¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡countryman£»¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡former¡¡¡¡¡¡pupil¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Melancthon¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Wittemberg£»¡¡
might¡¡¡¡¡¡himself¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡under¡¡¡¡¡¡suspicion¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡heresy£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡therefore¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡possible¡¡
treason¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Be¡¡this¡¡as¡¡it¡¡may£»¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡cannot¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡suspect¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡strain¡¡of¡¡¡¡truth¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
story¡¡about¡¡the¡¡Inquisition£»¡¡for£»¡¡whether¡¡or¡¡not¡¡Vesalius¡¡operated¡¡on¡¡Don¡¡
Carlos£»¡¡he¡¡had¡¡seen¡¡with¡¡his¡¡own¡¡eyes¡¡that¡¡miraculous¡¡Virgin¡¡of¡¡Atocha¡¡at¡¡
the¡¡bed's¡¡foot¡¡of¡¡the¡¡prince¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡had¡¡heard¡¡his¡¡recovery¡¡attributed£»¡¡not¡¡to¡¡
the¡¡operation£»¡¡but¡¡to¡¡the¡¡intercession¡¡of¡¡Fray£»¡¡now¡¡Saint¡¡Diego£»¡¡£û12£ý¡¡and¡¡
he¡¡must¡¡have¡¡had¡¡his¡¡thoughts¡¡thereon£»¡¡and¡¡may£»¡¡in¡¡an¡¡unguarded¡¡moment£»¡¡
have¡¡spoken¡¡them¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡For¡¡he¡¡was£»¡¡be¡¡it¡¡always¡¡remembered£»¡¡a¡¡Netherlander¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡crisis¡¡of¡¡
his¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡country¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡hand¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rebellion¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡inevitable£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡
rebellion£»¡¡¡¡¡¡horrors¡¡¡¡¡¡unutterable£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡meanwhile£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Don¡¡¡¡¡¡Carlos¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡set¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
mad¡¡brain¡¡on¡¡having¡¡the¡¡mand¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Netherlands¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡In¡¡his¡¡rage£»¡¡at¡¡not¡¡
having¡¡it£»¡¡as¡¡all¡¡the¡¡world¡¡knows£»¡¡he¡¡nearly¡¡killed¡¡Alva¡¡with¡¡his¡¡own¡¡hands£»¡¡
some¡¡two¡¡years¡¡after¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡If¡¡it¡¡be¡¡true¡¡that¡¡Don¡¡Carlos¡¡felt¡¡a¡¡debt¡¡of¡¡gratitude¡¡
to¡¡¡¡¡¡Vesalius£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡¡¡¡¡£¨after¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡wont£©¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡poured¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡wild¡¡
confidence¡¡about¡¡the¡¡Netherlands£»¡¡to¡¡have¡¡even¡¡heard¡¡which¡¡would¡¡be¡¡a¡¡
crime¡¡in¡¡Philip's¡¡eyes¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡if¡¡this¡¡be¡¡but¡¡a¡¡fancy£»¡¡still¡¡Vesalius¡¡was£»¡¡as¡¡I¡¡
just¡¡said£»¡¡a¡¡Netherlander£»¡¡and¡¡one¡¡of¡¡a¡¡brain¡¡and¡¡a¡¡spirit¡¡to¡¡which¡¡Philip's¡¡
doings£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡air¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Spanish¡¡¡¡¡¡court£»¡¡¡¡¡¡must¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡been¡¡¡¡¡¡growing¡¡¡¡¡¡ever¡¡
more¡¡and¡¡more¡¡intolerable¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hundreds¡¡of¡¡his¡¡country¡¡folk£»¡¡perhaps¡¡men¡¡
and¡¡women¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡had¡¡known£»¡¡were¡¡being¡¡racked£»¡¡burnt¡¡alive£»¡¡buried¡¡
alive£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡bidding¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡jocular¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡ruffian£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Peter¡¡¡¡¡¡Titelmann£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡chief¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡86¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡87¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡
inquisitor¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¨day¡¡of¡¡the¡¡MAUBRULEZ£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡the¡¡wholesale¡¡massacre¡¡
which¡¡¡¡¡¡followed¡¡¡¡¡¡it£»¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡happened¡¡¡¡¡¡but¡¡¡¡¡¡two¡¡¡¡¡¡years¡¡¡¡¡¡before£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and£»¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡all¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
signs¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡times£»¡¡¡¡¡¡these¡¡¡¡¡¡murders¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡miseries¡¡¡¡¡¡were¡¡¡¡¡¡certain¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡increase¡£¡¡
And¡¡why¡¡were¡¡all¡¡these¡¡poor¡¡wretches¡¡suffering¡¡the¡¡extremity¡¡of¡¡horror£»¡¡
but¡¡¡¡¡¡because¡¡¡¡¡¡they¡¡¡¡would¡¡¡¡¡¡not¡¡¡¡¡¡believe¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡miraculous¡¡¡¡¡¡images£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡bones¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡
dead¡¡¡¡¡¡friars£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡rest¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡science¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡unreason¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡unfact£»¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡
which¡¡Vesalius¡¡had¡¡been¡¡fighting¡¡all¡¡his¡¡life£»¡¡consciously¡¡or¡¡not£»¡¡by¡¡using¡¡
reason¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡observing¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡fact£¿¡¡¡¡¡¡What¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡wonder¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡if£»¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡¡¡some¡¡¡¡¡¡burst¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡noble¡¡
indignation¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡just¡¡¡¡¡¡contempt£»¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡forgot¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡moment¡¡¡¡¡¡that¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡sold¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
soul£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡love¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡science¡¡¡¡¡¡likewise£»¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡luxurious£»¡¡¡¡¡¡yet¡¡¡¡¡¡uneasy£»¡¡
hanger¡on¡¡at¡¡the¡¡tyrant's¡¡court£»¡¡and¡¡spoke¡¡unadvisedly¡¡some¡¡word¡¡worthy¡¡
of¡¡a¡¡German¡¡man£¿¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡As¡¡to¡¡the¡¡story¡¡of¡¡his¡¡unhappy¡¡quarrels¡¡with¡¡his¡¡wife£»¡¡there¡¡may¡¡be¡¡a¡¡
grain¡¡of¡¡truth¡¡in¡¡it¡¡likewise¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Vesalius's¡¡religion¡¡must¡¡have¡¡sat¡¡very¡¡lightly¡¡
on¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡man¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡had¡¡¡¡¡¡robbed¡¡¡¡¡¡churchyards¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡gibbets¡¡¡¡¡¡from¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡
youth¡¡was¡¡not¡¡likely¡¡to¡¡be¡¡¡¡¡¡much¡¡afraid¡¡of¡¡apparitions¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡demons¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡
had¡¡handled¡¡too¡¡many¡¡human¡¡bones¡¡to¡¡care¡¡much¡¡for¡¡those¡¡of¡¡saints¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡
was¡¡probably£»¡¡like¡¡his¡¡friends¡¡of¡¡Basle£»¡¡Montpellier£»¡¡and¡¡Paris£»¡¡somewhat¡¡
of¡¡a¡¡heretic¡¡at¡¡heart£»¡¡probably¡¡somewhat¡¡of¡¡a¡¡pagan£»¡¡while¡¡his¡¡lady£»¡¡Anne¡¡
van¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Hamme£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡probably¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡strict¡¡¡¡Catholic£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡her¡¡¡¡¡¡father£»¡¡¡¡¡¡being¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡
councillor¡¡and¡¡master¡¡of¡¡the¡¡exchequer¡¡at¡¡Brussels£»¡¡was¡¡bound¡¡to¡¡be£»¡¡and¡¡
freethinking¡¡in¡¡the¡¡husband£»¡¡crossed¡¡by¡¡superstition¡¡in¡¡the¡¡wife£»¡¡may¡¡have¡¡
caused¡¡in¡¡them¡¡that¡¡wretched¡¡vie¡¡e¡¡part£»¡¡that¡¡want¡¡of¡¡any¡¡true¡¡munion¡¡
of¡¡soul£»¡¡too¡¡mon¡¡to¡¡this¡¡day¡¡in¡¡Catholic¡¡countries¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Be¡¡these¡¡things¡¡as¡¡they¡¡mayand¡¡the¡¡exact¡¡truth¡¡of¡¡them¡¡will¡¡now¡¡be¡¡
never¡¡knownVesalius¡¡set¡¡out¡¡to¡¡Jerusalem¡¡in¡¡the¡¡spring¡¡of¡¡1564¡£¡¡On¡¡his¡¡
way¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡¡¡¡¡visited¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡old¡¡¡¡¡¡friends¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡Venice¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡see¡¡¡¡¡¡about¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡book¡¡¡¡¡¡against¡¡
Fallopius¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡The¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Venetian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡republic¡¡¡¡¡¡received¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡great¡¡¡¡¡¡philosopher¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡
open¡¡arms¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Fallopius¡¡was¡¡just¡¡dead£»¡¡and¡¡the¡¡senate¡¡offered¡¡their¡¡guest¡¡the¡¡
vacant¡¡chair¡¡of¡¡anatomy¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡accepted¡¡it£º¡¡but¡¡went¡¡on¡¡to¡¡the¡¡East¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡He¡¡never¡¡¡¡¡¡occupied¡¡that¡¡chair£»¡¡¡¡¡¡wrecked¡¡¡¡¡¡upon¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Isle¡¡of¡¡Zante£»¡¡¡¡as¡¡¡¡¡¡he¡¡
was¡¡sailing¡¡back¡¡from¡¡Palestine£»¡¡he¡¡died¡¡miserably¡¡of¡¡fever¡¡and¡¡want£»¡¡as¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡87¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡88¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡
thousands¡¡of¡¡pilgrims¡¡returning¡¡from¡¡the¡¡Holy¡¡Land¡¡had¡¡died¡¡before¡¡him¡£¡¡
A¡¡goldsmith¡¡recognised¡¡him£»¡¡buried¡¡him¡¡in¡¡a¡¡chapel¡¡of¡¡the¡¡Virgin£»¡¡and¡¡put¡¡
up¡¡¡¡¡¡over¡¡¡¡¡¡him¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡simple¡¡¡¡¡¡stone£»¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡remained¡¡¡¡¡¡till¡¡¡¡¡¡late¡¡¡¡¡¡years£»¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡may¡¡
remain£»¡¡for¡¡aught¡¡I¡¡know£»¡¡even¡¡now¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡So¡¡perished£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡prime¡¡of¡¡life£»¡¡¡¨a¡¡martyr¡¡to¡¡his¡¡love¡¡of¡¡science£»¡¨¡¡to¡¡
quote¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡words¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡M¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡Burggraeve¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡Ghent£»¡¡¡¡¡¡his¡¡¡¡¡¡able¡¡¡¡¡¡biographer¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡
mentator£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¨the¡¡¡¡¡¡prodigious¡¡¡¡¡¡man£»¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡¡¡¡¡created¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡science¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡¡¡an¡¡¡¡¡¡epoch¡¡
when¡¡everything¡¡was¡¡still¡¡an¡¡obstacle¡¡to¡¡his¡¡progress£»¡¡a¡¡man¡¡whose¡¡whole¡¡
life¡¡was¡¡a¡¡long¡¡struggle¡¡of¡¡knowledge¡¡against¡¡ignorance£»¡¡of¡¡truth¡¡against¡¡
lies¡£¡¨¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Plaudite£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Exeat£º¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Rondelet¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Buchanan¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡And¡¡
whensoever¡¡this¡¡poor¡¡foolish¡¡world¡¡needs¡¡three¡¡such¡¡men£»¡¡may¡¡God¡¡of¡¡His¡¡
great¡¡mercy¡¡send¡¡them¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡88¡¡
¡¡¡Page¡¡89¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Historical¡¡Lectures¡¡and¡¡Essays¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡PARACELSUS¡¡£û13£ý¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡I¡¡told¡¡you¡¡of¡¡Vesalius¡¡and¡¡Rondelet¡¡as¡¡specimens¡¡of¡¡the¡¡men¡¡who¡¡three¡¡
hundred¡¡years¡¡ago¡¡were¡¡founding¡¡the¡¡physical¡¡science¡¡of¡¡the¡¡present¡¡day£»¡¡
by¡¡patient¡¡investigation¡¡of¡¡facts¡£¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡But¡¡such¡¡an¡¡age¡¡as¡¡this¡¡would¡¡naturally¡¡
produce¡¡men¡¡of¡¡a¡¡very¡¡different¡¡stamp£»¡¡men¡¡who¡¡could¡¡not¡¡imitate¡¡their¡¡
patience¡¡and¡¡humility£»¡¡who¡¡were¡¡trying¡¡for¡¡royal¡¡roads¡¡to¡¡knowledge£»¡¡and¡¡
to¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡fame¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡and¡¡¡¡¡¡wealth¡¡¡¡¡¡which¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡might¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡be¡¡¡¡got¡¡¡¡¡¡out¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡knowledge£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡who¡¡
meddled¡¡with¡¡vain¡¡dreams¡¡about¡¡the¡¡occult¡¡sciences£»¡¡alchemy£»¡¡astrology£»¡¡
magic£»¡¡the¡¡cabala£»¡¡and¡¡so¡¡forth£»¡¡who¡¡were¡¡reputed¡¡magicians£»¡¡courted¡¡and¡¡
feared¡¡for¡¡awhile£»¡¡and¡¡then£»¡¡too¡¡often£»¡¡died¡¡sad¡¡deaths¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Such¡¡had¡¡been£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡century¡¡before£»¡¡the¡¡famous¡¡Dr¡£¡¡FaustFaustus£»¡¡
who¡¡¡¡¡¡was¡¡¡¡¡¡said¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡¡¡have¡¡¡¡¡¡made¡¡¡¡¡¡a¡¡¡¡¡¡pact¡¡¡¡¡¡with¡¡¡¡¡¡Satanactually¡¡¡¡¡¡one¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
inventors¡¡of¡¡printingimmortalised¡¡in¡¡Goethe's¡¡marvellous¡¡poem¡£¡¡
¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Such£»¡¡in¡¡the¡¡first¡¡half¡¡of¡¡the¡¡sixteenth¡¡century£»¡¡was¡¡Cornelius¡¡Agrippa¡¡
a¡¡doctor¡¡of¡¡divinity¡¡and¡¡a¡¡knight¡at¡arms£»¡¡secret¡service¡¡diplomatist¡¡to¡¡the¡¡
Emperor¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡Maximilian¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡in¡¡¡¡Austria£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡astrologer£»¡¡¡¡¡¡though¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡unwilling£»¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡to¡¡¡¡his¡¡
daughter¡¡¡¡¡¡Margaret£»¡¡¡¡¡¡Regent¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡Low¡¡¡¡¡¡Countries£»¡¡¡¡¡¡writer¡¡¡¡¡¡on¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡¡¡occult¡¡
sciences¡¡and¡¡of¡¡the¡¡famous¡¡¡¨De¡¡Vanitate¡¡Scientiarum£»¡¨¡¡and¡¡what¡¡not£¿¡¡who¡¡
died¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡miserably¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡at¡¡¡¡the¡¡¡¡age¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡forty¡¡¡¡¡¡¡nine£»¡¡¡¡¡¡accused¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡of¡¡¡¡magic¡¡¡¡¡¡¡¡by¡¡¡¡¡¡the¡¡
Dominican¡¡monks¡¡from¡¡whom¡¡he¡¡had¡¡rescued¡¡a¡¡poor¡¡girl£»¡¡who¡¡they¡¡were¡¡
torturing¡¡on¡¡a¡¡charge¡¡of¡¡witchcraft£»¡¡and¡¡by¡¡them¡¡hunted¡¡to¡¡death£»¡¡nor¡¡to¡¡
death¡¡only£»¡¡for¡¡they¡¡spread¡¡the¡¡fablesuch¡¡as¡¡you¡¡may¡¡find¡¡in¡¡Delrio¡¡the¡¡
Jesuit